By Imtiaz Muqbil
Indian Railways'
multi-million dollar spruce-up is set to
continue in the year ahead with a new caveat, balancing "social
viability" and
"economic viability". The budget proposal for 2009-10 tabled to
parliament by
Railways Minister Ms Mamata Banerjee on
03 July 2009 will strive to go down the aviation track in upgrading one
of the
world's largest railway networks - boost passenger services, develop
railways
terminals/stations and safety, improve connectivity, expand the
reservations
systems, create better facilities for the handicapped, all without a
single
increase in fares or freight rates. It will go further than airlines in
some
respects with a strong focus on freight movements, especially
perishable
products like fruits and vegetables, thus creating opportunities for
developing
new markets for India's
low-earning farmers.
As these projects
are implemented over the Railways' roughly
17,800 services a day, the benefits to travel & tourism will be
phenomenal.
Domestic tourism will be a primary beneficiary, but so will
international
tourism, especially for backpackers, most of whom prefer to travel
around India
by train.
It will open up access to dozens of destinations around India,
creating
new tour packaging opportunities, boosting the average length of stay
and
distribution of earnings. Neighbouring countries will also benefit; one
key
part of the budgetary expenditure is for development of links with
neighbouring
Bangladesh.
Indeed, with the signing of the Trans Asian Railway network agreement,
numerous
other countries will be encouraged to undertake similar upgrades in
their
railway facilities.
After getting the
lion's share of attention in recent years, India's
aviation sector has become a victim of its over-zealous growth. The
railway
network, which transports the vast majority of middle- and lower-income
strata
Indians, is making slow but steady progress, with every possibility
that it
will turn the tables on the airlines in providing economically viable,
environmentally friendly, inclusive and safe travel around India.
The Railways
budget is the third most awaited financial event
in India,
after the Union Budget and Economic Survey. Created in an election
year, the
new budget is designed to be both "populist and popular". It strives to
provide
"inclusive" economic growth and promote greater intra-India social and
cultural
linkages. Indeed, this year's budget seeks to continue what is
considered one
of the most significant "turnaround" stories in commercial history but
with a
difference. Says the minister (who is now back in the Railways
portfolio after
serving an earlier term under a previous government in 2000), "The
Railways is
an organization with twin responsibilities - commercial and social. It will be our endeavour to render
all commercial services with a human
face" and "make
Indian Railways a strong, responsive and vibrant organization, with
higher
levels of capability and effectiveness."
Like the main
Union budget, the Railways budget is designed
to help the Indian government
eradicate
poverty, and generate growth by upgrading the living standards of
common
people. Said the minister, "I am deeply conscious
of the need
to bring about a perceptible improvement in the travel experience of
our
passengers. .... and bring highest satisfaction to the travelling public.
I am
also aware that the recession in the economy has caused much economic
burden
among the poorer section of our society. Therefore, I do not propose any
increase in the passenger fares of any
class or category of trains. Similarly, I do not intend to increase
freight
tariffs." In addition to pledging improved passenger
amenities, cleanliness, quality of railway catering, safety and
security and
punctuality, she promised a 'White Paper' would be
created to assess the
Railways' organizational, operational and financial status and develop
a Vision 2020 along with short- and long-term
strategies and plan of action to realise
it.
From a broader
perspective, the new policy ditches the notion
that privatisation of state assets is always the best way forward. In
her
statement to Parliament, the minister queried "whether railway projects
(should) be measured only on the scale of "economic viability" or do
we also need to look at the "social viability" of these projects?"
She added, "Are
the fruits of development to be restricted
only to a privileged few and not to the teeming populations in remote
and
backward areas of our country? These projects may be economically
unviable but
are an economic necessity for the people of those regions who have
remained
victims of backwardness and poverty. They need these projects even
more. I do
believe and I am firmly committed to the visible upliftment (sic) of
the
downtrodden and under privileged which is imperative for holistic
socio-economic development of the country. These projects that are
instrumental
in upgradation (sic) of the deprived and under privileged, may not meet
the so
called economic viability criterion but create real economic assets
which will
be far more beneficial for future development."
She said, "Just
as everybody has a right to vote in
democracy, in the same manner, every ordinary person should have the
right to
development. Several lakhs of people are awaiting development. I think
the time
has come when our economists and social philosophers will have to
consider,
that the upliftment (sic) of the poor and down trodden, is the primary
task of
any welfare government and society and the old mindset of economic
viability
should be substituted by social viability. Rather than following the
conventional strategy of firing staff as a means of cutting costs, it
will seek
to improve the benefits and working conditions for the 140,000 staff.
She added, "The
Railways must set an example to promote
'inclusiveness' in their functioning keeping the needs of all sections
of our
fellow countrymen in our thoughts, decisions and deeds. I have
therefore
decided to set up an expert committee to advise me on innovative
financing and
implementation of the so called "economically unviable" but socially
desired projects. We will identify those parts that are detached from
all
infrastructure development and facilities and within a short time I
will
prepare a blueprint of how many such schemes can be implemented in the
coming
five years."
The key issue,
she said, was the "need to strike a right
balance. Everyone knows that India
is changing and changing rapidly. Indeed Railways is making its own
important
contribution to this change. Today the people of India
are eager for faster and
inclusive economic growth. They want better connectivity, more
employment
opportunities. People of every region in every state want to see
progress in
agriculture, industry, trade and business, so that they and their
children can
live a better life. Indian Railways is a unique umbrella for creation
of
infrastructure for development and it is our Mission and Vision to expand the
network to
reach development to every corner of the country."
"Every
person wants to live in dignity. The journey of
life also
begins with dignity. Rail journey is also like the journey of life. I
want that
every person should travel on our Railways with dignity."
Highlights
of the budget
<> Launch
of a new train service called "Duronto" with non-stop, point-to-point
services
between major metropolitan centres nationwide. For the first time,
non-stop
trains will link Kolkata-Mumbai, and the capital of New
Delhi with Chennai, JammuTawi (Northern India), Lucknow,
Pune, Kolkata, Allahabad,
Sealdah, Bhubaneshwar and Ernakulam. Another non-stop service will run
Kolkata-Amritsar. These will be operated on bi-weekly or tri-weekly
basis.
Another 57 "superfast" new train services will be created, also linking
cities
such as Visakhapatnam-Mumbai, Kolkata-Bangalore and Mumbai-Varanasi.
Another 27
services will be extended beyond existing destinations, and a further
13 will
be upgraded to nearly daily services.
<> The
50 railway stations of nearly all these key cities will be upgraded to
"world
class standards with international level facilities" through innovative
financing and in Public Private Partnership mode. Some of these include
are CST
Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Howrah, Sealdah, Bhubaneswar, New Delhi, Lucknow,
Varanasi, Amritsar, Kanpur, Guwahati, Jaipur, Chennai Central,
Tiruvananthapuram Central, Secunderabad, Tirupati, Bangalore City,
Baiyapanahali (Bangalore), Ahmedabad, Bhopal, Habibganj, Gaya Jn., Agra
Cantt.,
Mathura Jn., Chandigarh, Kolkata, New Jalpaiguri, Majerhat, Mangalore,
Porbandar, Anand Vihar, Bijwasan, Ajmer Jn. and Puri.
<>
This year, another 375
stations will be provided with basic
facilities such as drinking water, adequate toilets, catering services,
waiting
rooms and dormitories especially for lady passengers, and better signage.
<> All
Railway zones have been instructed to give priority to provision of
good
quality food, drinking water and toilet facilities and ensure
cleanliness on
trains and stations. National and regional cuisines will be introduced.
A
comprehensive policy including strict monitoring mechanisms is to be
developed
for achieving these objectives.
<> Expand
On Board House Keeping Scheme (OBHS) to cover 200 additional pairs of
trains
and also take up improved linen
management through
modern automated laundries. A pilot project will be started in Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata,
Chennai
and Thiruvananthapuram and later extended to other cities.
<> Help
Physically Challenged Persons and aged persons by providing standard
ramps,
earmarked parking lots, specially designed coaches in each mail and
express
train, lifts and escalators.
<> Introduce
Train Information System with automatic announcements in Kolkata,
Chennai and
Delhi suburban sections as is already in the process of being installed
in
Mumbai.
<> Explore
the possibility to depute at least one doctor in long distance trains.
Arrangements will be made to provide Ambulance
services for passengers at Chennai, Bangalore,
Delhi, Hyderabad,
Mumbai, Kolkata and Bhubaneswar
to start with.
<> Provide
on-board infotainment
services on
Rajdhanis, Shatabdis and important long distance inter-city trains.
<> The
absence of toilet facilities on some trains when the travel time is
less than 4
hours, poses difficulties for women, children and aged persons. Plans
are to
provide toilet facilities on all journeys of more than 2 hours. Conduct
field
trials for introducing environment
friendly toilets.
<>
The
Reservation System now covers 800 locations with 6,872 terminals. This
will be
expanded to cover 200 new towns and cities and a further 800 new
locations in
cities and towns already having PRS facilities. Each member of both
houses of Parliament has been asked to
identify one PRS location of their choice for inclusion in
the list.
<> The
number of Unreserved Ticketing
System (UTS) terminals
is being expanded from 5,000 to 8,000. Automatic
Vending Machines will be installed at 200 large and medium
sized
stations. E-ticketing will also be introduced. Cancellation of
confirmed
e-tickets is to be simplified. Efforts are on to provide SMS update on waitlisted
tickets.
<> Under
an MoU with Department of Post, passengers can now buy computerized
tickets
from nearly 5,000 post offices in cities and towns. Mobile ticketing
vans will be introduced for issuing
reserved and
unreserved tickets in both urban and rural areas. Poor people who are
unable to
go to the stations can now purchase tickets in market places,
"mohallas" and
other busy places. This year, 50 such mobile vans will be introduced
nationwide.
<> High
capacity air conditioned double-decker coaches will be introduced for
intercity
travel.
<> The Additional
General
Managers on each zonal Railway will be responsible for periodic
supervision and
carrying out surprise inspections and attending to public grievances.
Each
Division will have a dedicated officer for field level supervision.
<> "Yuva
Trains" will be introduced between major
cities to help youth and low income groups travel at low rates. The new
low-priced fast train service will connect rural hinterlands to major
metros/cities. The train will provide air
conditioned seated accommodation. A weekly service will be
introduced as a pilot service within three months between Mumbai-Delhi
and
Delhi-Kolkata. If successful it will be extended to other areas of the
country.
<>
Concessions "Izzat": A new scheme called
'Izzat' (dignity, or respect) will
involve a uniformally priced monthly season ticket
of Rs. 25 would
be available free of all surcharges for travel up to 100 kms for
members of the
unorganized sector with monthly income not exceeding Rs. 1500/-.
<> Concessions
to journalists: Instead of giving coupons, it
is now proposed to issue photo
identification cum credit card based on the
certification by the
Press Information Bureau and other State and local authorities. In
addition, concession of 30% will
be increased to 50%. Permission
to travel with spouse
at 50% concession
will be given for once a year.
<> Student concessions. The presently
free monthly
season tickets for second class travel between school and home for girl
students up to graduation and for boy students up to 12th
standard
will be extended to students attending Madrasa,
High Madrasa and senior
Madrasa. Concessional monthly season tickets will
also now be
available for students attending school up to Class XII, Madrasa, High
Madrasa
and senior Madrasa for travel in Metro rail, Kolkata. Students
attending recognized vocational
institutions will
also enjoy this 60% concession on the metro fare.
<> Only
Ladies Special: As the number of working women
in increases, they face considerable difficulties in travelling for
work.
'Ladies Only' train services will be introduced in Delhi, Chennai and Kolkata suburban
similar
to that on Mumbai suburban.
<>
Freight Business: Improve the
proportion of
freight traffic moving on Railways. Besides improving the loading of
coal, iron
ore, cement, fertilizers and food grains, Railways are seeking to increase their share
in new traffic streams like
automobiles, fly ash etc. Permission to access private sidings will be given to
containers
which will help in attracting piecemeal traffic presently not being
carried by
Railways. A premium service for container movement with assured transit
time is
being considered for time sensitive cargo.
<> Private
ownership of special purpose rolling stock for commodities and private
operation of freight terminals will be encouraged. A new policy would
be
unveiled to allow construction and operation of private freight
terminals and multi-modal logistic
parks. Partnerships will be sought
with state governments and major logistics
players to set up
logistics parks co-habited
by multiple players through participative funding.
<>
Mega logistics hubs are being planned
alongside
the proposed Eastern and Western
Dedicated
Freight Corridors.
<> Multi-functional
Complexes (Macs) will be built in station premises for
providing rail users facilities like shopping, food stalls and
restaurants,
book stalls, PCO/STD/ISD/Fax booths, medicine & variety stores,
budget
hotels, underground parking etc. These are planned at 50 railway
stations
serving places of pilgrimage, industry and tourist interest this year.
<>
Kinas-Vision
(Farmer-Vision) project: India
suffers an unacceptable loss of
about Rs.
35-40,000 crore (Editor's note: one crore is 10 million) every
year in wastage of fruits and
vegetables. The
Railways proposes to contribute to India's second green
revolution by
introducing special trains to carry perishable products like fruits and
vegetables, fish, etc, from identified production clusters to consumer
centres.
A professional agency will be hired to identify locations and design
proper
services.
<> Promote
small industries and facilitate movement of village handicraft,
cottage industry and textile products
from production clusters like Tirupur, Dhanekhali,
Shantipur etc to consumption
centres.
<>
Super Fast Parcel
Express Trains: Launch of a premium
parcel service named "Faster Parcel Services" on a
pilot basis on 3 routes between: Tughalakabad (Delhi) and Royapuram
(Chennai)
Tughalakabad (Delhi) and Vapi (near Mumbai); Tughalakabad (Delhi) and
Howrah
This is envisaged as a time-tabled service from dedicated terminals
with
guaranteed transit time and web-based bookings.
<> Dedicated
Freight Corridors on the Western and Eastern routes, a landmark project of great
importance for
creating infrastructure and generating employment. The Western corridor passes through
Uttar
Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan,
Gujarat and Maharashtra. The Eastern
Corridor will run from Ludhiana
to Kolkata via Dankuni, covering the states of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh,
Bihar,
Jharkhand and West Bengal.
Prefeasibility
studies for the other trunk routes viz; North-South,
East-West, East-South and Southern (Chennai-Goa)
corridors have
been conducted and Ministry of Railways will take steps for further
action in
this regard.
<>
A Delhi-Mumbai
Industrial Corridor is
being developed in the area of the Western Dedicated Freight corridor
comprising industrial hubs, rail port connectivity, logistic parks and
mega
power plants which will be executed in public
private partnership mode.
<> An
Eastern Industrial Corridor developing alongside the
Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor, similar to the Delhi Mumbai
Industrial corridor.
The Railways land banks
will be used to avoid
cost increases and help in early start of industrial projects.
<> Improvements
in Rail based suburban
services i.e.
Metro Railway, Circular Railway and EMU services, considered to be the
"life-line" of megapolises like Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai. Even
after
augmenting the capacity of the existing trains by way of additional
coaches and
introduction of additional services, the rail based suburban system
will not be
able to meet the demand of the ever increasing population and do not
provide
rail based transport from origin to destination to the commuters.
<> Kashmir:
A new rail line from Anantnag to Baramulla in Kashmir Valley
has already been completed. Further, Quazigund-Anantnag
line will be completed by August 09 and will be inaugurated soon.
<> The
Northeast region: Another very sensitive region, where rail projects
are in
progress for providing connectivity to state capitals of Arunachal
Pradesh,
Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram. Ten rail projects in this region have
been
declared as National projects. A proposal for creation of Northeast Region Rail
Development Fund has
been initiated to ensure timely completion of the National Projects.
<> Improvement
of staff quarters & colonies. During 2009-10, 6,560 new staff
quarters are
proposed to be constructed. Indoor stadiums will be developed
in major
railway divisions and zones including Bongaon
at the Indo-Bangladesh border.
<> Increase the
contribution to Staff Benefit Fund to
Rs 350/- per employee by one year. Of this amount, Rs 100 per employee
will be
exclusively for activities relating to women empowerment and training
for
developing vocational and occupational skills of physically and
mentally
challenged wards of railway employees especially
girl-childs and higher education for girls. It has been proposed
to set up Scholarships for
higher education
of girl children of group D staff for promoting their
economic
independence.
<> Open seven Nursing
Colleges on Railway land
at Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai (Kalyan), Chennai, Secunderabad, Lucknow and
Jabalpur
on Public Private Partnership model so as to facilitate the wards
of the Railway employees in finding a
good vocational avenue.
<>
Medical colleges are
planned to be established attached to
existing railway hospitals through PPP, to give higher education
facilities to
new generation of railway children.
<> Special Recruitment Drive
will be launched to wipe out backlog in filling up the vacancies of
Scheduled
Caste/Scheduled Tribes. It is proposed to develop a scheme to give better representation to
minorities, women and economically back ward classes of the society in railway
recruitments. A Special Recruitment
Drive will
be launched for filling up of vacancies
against Physically Handicapped
Quota.
<> Strengthen
apprentices training facilities to impart state of the art training to
young
artisans and supervisors.
<> Safety: Safety
is first priority. This includes timely
track renewal, modernization of signals, use of various safety
equipment like digital
ultrasonic flaw detecting machines and wheel impact load detectors.
<>
Road Over Bridges and Road Under
Bridges are
extremely important from safety point of view. The present mechanism of
cost
sharing between the Railways and the state governments needs to be
reviewed. A
new approach is being sought, with assured funding, to facilitate
turnkey
execution of these projects.
<> Anti
Collision Device (ACD) has been made operational on
1736 RKm of North Frontier Railway. Further work for extending this
system on
1700 RKm on three railways Southern, South Central and South Western
Railways
is planned to be completed in two years.
<>
Security and Integrated Security
Scheme has
been drawn up for 140 vulnerable and sensitive railway stations. Women RPF squads are
being deployed for security of women
passengers, particularly in sections where a large
number of women
travel alone regularly.
<> During 2008-09,
363 km of
doublings were constructed whereas for 2009-10, target for doubling of
700 km
has been fixed. The target for electrification during XI Plan is 3500
Route
Kilometers with an outlay of Rs.3500 crores. In the first two years of
XI Plan,
1299 RKMs has been electrified.
<>
Railway Printing
Presses: Long been neglected and considered
a non-productive asset. A few major presses like Mumbai (Byculla), Delhi (Shakurbasti), Kolkata (Howrah) and Chennai are proposed for
upgrading, making it cost effective for the railways and also creating
surplus
capacity for ancillary development and commercial purposes.
<> All
the initiatives indicated in the Budget and the projects taken in hand
are to
be strictly monitored for implementation in line with fixed target
dates. A project monitoring committee is to
be set up to
monitor the time-lines. This will achieve substantial savings in cost
associated with faulty planning and time over-run
The full text of the
Railways Minister's
speech, including numerous technical and financial details on funding
can be
found here.
Source:
Travel Impact Newswire
Imtiaz Muqbil, Executive Editor, 24 Soi Chidlom, Bangkok, Thailand
10330. T: (66-2) 2551480, 2537590. Fax: (66-2) 2544316. Email:
imtiaz@travel-impact-newswire.com
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